{
  "schemaVersion": 1,
  "kind": "event",
  "id": "stephen-is-stoned",
  "era": "early-church",
  "order": 434,
  "title": "Stephen is stoned",
  "date": {
    "kind": "approximate",
    "label": "c. AD 30–35",
    "earliest": 30,
    "latest": 35,
    "note": "Between Pentecost and the conversion of Saul; Acts gives no exact dates."
  },
  "pin": [
    35.23494,
    31.77744
  ],
  "pinConfidence": "Identified site",
  "pinPlace": "jerusalem_636",
  "summary": "Enraged, the council members drag Stephen out of the city and stone him as he prays, “Lord, do not hold this sin against them.” The witnesses lay their cloaks at the feet of a young man named Saul.",
  "passages": [
    {
      "reference": "Acts 7:54–60",
      "range": [
        44007054,
        44007060
      ],
      "translation": "bsb",
      "url": "https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts%207%3A54%E2%80%9360&version=BSB",
      "availability": "bundled",
      "verses": [
        {
          "book": "Acts",
          "chapter": 7,
          "verse": 54,
          "text": "On hearing this, the members of the Sanhedrin were enraged, and they gnashed their teeth at him."
        },
        {
          "book": "Acts",
          "chapter": 7,
          "verse": 55,
          "text": "But Stephen, full of the Holy Spirit, looked intently into heaven and saw the glory of God and Jesus standing at the right hand of God."
        },
        {
          "book": "Acts",
          "chapter": 7,
          "verse": 56,
          "text": "“Look,” he said, “I see heaven open and the Son of Man standing at the right hand of God.”"
        },
        {
          "book": "Acts",
          "chapter": 7,
          "verse": 57,
          "text": "At this they covered their ears, cried out in a loud voice, and rushed together at him."
        },
        {
          "book": "Acts",
          "chapter": 7,
          "verse": 58,
          "text": "They dragged him out of the city and began to stone him. Meanwhile the witnesses laid their garments at the feet of a young man named Saul."
        },
        {
          "book": "Acts",
          "chapter": 7,
          "verse": 59,
          "text": "While they were stoning him, Stephen appealed, “Lord Jesus, receive my spirit.”"
        },
        {
          "book": "Acts",
          "chapter": 7,
          "verse": 60,
          "text": "Falling on his knees, he cried out in a loud voice, “Lord, do not hold this sin against them.” And when he had said this, he fell asleep."
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "related": [],
  "places": [
    {
      "id": "jerusalem_636",
      "name": "Jerusalem",
      "coordinate": [
        35.23494,
        31.77744
      ],
      "kind": "City",
      "confidence": "Identified site",
      "confidenceSource": "rule",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Digital Atlas of the Roman Empire",
          "url": "http://dare.ht.lu.se/places/15896"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "mapPeriod": "roman-ad50",
  "further": [
    {
      "label": "Digital Atlas of the Roman Empire",
      "url": "http://dare.ht.lu.se/places/15896"
    }
  ],
  "provenance": {
    "sources": [
      {
        "name": "theographic",
        "ref": "322"
      },
      {
        "name": "editorial"
      }
    ],
    "review": "draft"
  },
  "eraName": "Early Church",
  "interactiveUrl": "https://wilderness-scripture-atlas.pages.dev/?event=stephen-is-stoned",
  "attribution": [
    "Events and places adapted from Theographic Bible Metadata (github.com/robertrouse/theographic-bible-metadata), CC BY-SA 4.0. This adapted data is shared under CC BY-SA 4.0.",
    "Place coordinates from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding Data, CC BY 4.0.",
    "Berean Standard Bible (BSB), public domain. https://berean.bible/licensing.htm"
  ],
  "translation": "bsb",
  "url": "https://wilderness-scripture-atlas.pages.dev/reference/events/stephen-is-stoned/",
  "markdownUrl": "https://wilderness-scripture-atlas.pages.dev/reference/events/stephen-is-stoned/index.md",
  "jsonUrl": "https://wilderness-scripture-atlas.pages.dev/reference/events/stephen-is-stoned/index.json",
  "cautions": "Narrative order is a reading arrangement, not a proven chronology. Dates retain their stated uncertainty. An identified locality does not establish the exact venue or prove an event. Region extents and routes are illustrative, not surveyed boundaries or ancient roads. Draft material has not completed editorial review.",
  "revision": "c2becd6599d11a52"
}