{
  "schemaVersion": 1,
  "kind": "event",
  "id": "hyrcanus-idumea",
  "era": "between-testaments",
  "order": 288,
  "title": "Hasmonean expansion imposes new conditions",
  "group": "hasmonean-society",
  "date": {
    "kind": "approximate",
    "label": "Late second century BC · John Hyrcanus",
    "earliest": -134,
    "latest": -104
  },
  "pin": [
    34.95,
    31.35
  ],
  "pinConfidence": "Approximate region",
  "pinPlace": "hasmonean-idumea",
  "summary": "Josephus reports that John Hyrcanus conquers Idumean towns and makes continued residence conditional on circumcision and observance of Jewish laws. Expansion brings new people under Hasmonean authority.",
  "context": "This account exposes coercion within a dynasty celebrated for resisting coercion. The experience of conquered communities must remain visible. A broad reign frame is used rather than turning a debated campaign date into a precise timeline point.",
  "question": "How does a story of resistance change when the former resisters gain power over others?",
  "sourceNote": "Historical background. The sources below open externally; they are separate from the app’s bundled Bible text. Related Bible passages provide comparison or later context.",
  "historicalSources": [
    {
      "label": "Josephus, Antiquities 13.9.1",
      "url": "https://penelope.uchicago.edu/josephus/ant-13.html",
      "note": "Reports the Idumean campaign and conditions imposed on the inhabitants. Written in the first century AD, looking back on these events."
    }
  ],
  "locationNote": "Idumea is shown as an approximate southern region, not a surveyed frontier or an identification of every conquered town.",
  "relatedNote": "These Bible readings are connected by theme or later setting; they are not direct accounts of this historical stop.",
  "passages": [],
  "related": [
    {
      "range": [
        5010017,
        5010019
      ],
      "kind": "teaching",
      "note": "Deuteronomy’s concern for the foreign resident offers an ethical comparison, not a direct description of this campaign.",
      "reference": "Deuteronomy 10:17–19",
      "translation": "bsb",
      "url": "https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Deuteronomy%2010%3A17%E2%80%9319&version=BSB"
    }
  ],
  "places": [
    {
      "id": "openbible-a15257a",
      "name": "Jerusalem",
      "coordinate": [
        35.234167,
        31.776667
      ],
      "kind": "City",
      "confidence": "Identified site",
      "confidenceSource": "editorial",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "OpenBible.info: Jerusalem (CC BY 4.0)",
          "url": "https://www.openbible.info/geo/ancient/a15257a/jerusalem"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "hasmonean-idumea",
      "name": "Idumea",
      "coordinate": [
        34.95,
        31.35
      ],
      "extent": [
        [
          34.6,
          31
        ],
        [
          35.3,
          31.65
        ]
      ],
      "kind": "Region",
      "confidence": "Approximate region",
      "confidenceSource": "editorial",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Josephus, Antiquities 13.9.1; illustrative region, not a border",
          "url": "https://penelope.uchicago.edu/josephus/ant-13.html"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "mapPeriod": "second-temple-judea",
  "further": [
    {
      "label": "Josephus, Antiquities 13.9.1; illustrative region, not a border",
      "url": "https://penelope.uchicago.edu/josephus/ant-13.html"
    }
  ],
  "provenance": {
    "sources": [
      {
        "name": "editorial",
        "ref": "content/authored/between-testaments.json"
      }
    ],
    "review": "draft"
  },
  "eraName": "Between the Testaments",
  "interactiveUrl": "https://wilderness-scripture-atlas.pages.dev/?event=hyrcanus-idumea",
  "attribution": [
    "Place coordinates from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding Data, CC BY 4.0.",
    "Teaching stops, summaries and regional extents are original editorial content of this atlas.",
    "Berean Standard Bible (BSB), public domain. https://berean.bible/licensing.htm"
  ],
  "translation": "bsb",
  "url": "https://wilderness-scripture-atlas.pages.dev/reference/events/hyrcanus-idumea/",
  "markdownUrl": "https://wilderness-scripture-atlas.pages.dev/reference/events/hyrcanus-idumea/index.md",
  "jsonUrl": "https://wilderness-scripture-atlas.pages.dev/reference/events/hyrcanus-idumea/index.json",
  "cautions": "Narrative order is a reading arrangement, not a proven chronology. Dates retain their stated uncertainty. An identified locality does not establish the exact venue or prove an event. Region extents and routes are illustrative, not surveyed boundaries or ancient roads. Draft material has not completed editorial review.",
  "revision": "5249316b2d10dd43"
}