{
  "schemaVersion": 1,
  "kind": "event",
  "id": "herod-temple-expansion",
  "era": "between-testaments",
  "order": 293,
  "title": "Herod enlarges Jerusalem’s temple",
  "group": "rome-herod",
  "date": {
    "kind": "approximate",
    "label": "c. 20–19 BC onward · Temple rebuilding",
    "earliest": -20,
    "latest": -19
  },
  "pin": [
    35.234167,
    31.776667
  ],
  "pinConfidence": "Identified site",
  "pinPlace": "openbible-a15257a",
  "summary": "Herod undertakes a major rebuilding and expansion of Jerusalem’s temple. Josephus describes preparations, construction and the king’s desire for a lasting monument.",
  "context": "This belongs to the Second Temple’s history, not Solomon’s temple or the original return-era rebuilding. The starting date does not mean the whole complex was finished at once. John later refers to the long building process.",
  "question": "How can the same building serve worship, public identity and a ruler’s reputation?",
  "sourceNote": "Historical background. The sources below open externally; they are separate from the app’s bundled Bible text. Related Bible passages provide comparison or later context.",
  "historicalSources": [
    {
      "label": "Josephus, Antiquities 15.11",
      "url": "https://penelope.uchicago.edu/josephus/ant-15.html",
      "note": "Account of the rebuilding begun in Herod’s eighteenth regnal year. Written in the first century AD, looking back on these events."
    }
  ],
  "locationNote": "Jerusalem marks the temple setting. The map does not reconstruct the platform’s stages or claim that every visible stone belongs to this starting date.",
  "relatedNote": "These Bible readings are connected by theme or later setting; they are not direct accounts of this historical stop.",
  "passages": [],
  "related": [
    {
      "range": [
        43002019,
        43002022
      ],
      "kind": "teaching",
      "note": "The later exchange mentions forty-six years of building; John distinguishes Jesus’s meaning from his hearers’ response.",
      "reference": "John 2:19–22",
      "translation": "bsb",
      "url": "https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John%202%3A19%E2%80%9322&version=BSB"
    }
  ],
  "places": [
    {
      "id": "openbible-a15257a",
      "name": "Jerusalem",
      "coordinate": [
        35.234167,
        31.776667
      ],
      "kind": "City",
      "confidence": "Identified site",
      "confidenceSource": "editorial",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "OpenBible.info: Jerusalem (CC BY 4.0)",
          "url": "https://www.openbible.info/geo/ancient/a15257a/jerusalem"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "mapPeriod": "second-temple-judea",
  "further": [
    {
      "label": "OpenBible.info: Jerusalem (CC BY 4.0)",
      "url": "https://www.openbible.info/geo/ancient/a15257a/jerusalem"
    }
  ],
  "provenance": {
    "sources": [
      {
        "name": "editorial",
        "ref": "content/authored/between-testaments.json"
      }
    ],
    "review": "draft"
  },
  "eraName": "Between the Testaments",
  "interactiveUrl": "https://wilderness-scripture-atlas.pages.dev/?event=herod-temple-expansion",
  "attribution": [
    "Place coordinates from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding Data, CC BY 4.0.",
    "Teaching stops, summaries and regional extents are original editorial content of this atlas.",
    "Berean Standard Bible (BSB), public domain. https://berean.bible/licensing.htm"
  ],
  "translation": "bsb",
  "url": "https://wilderness-scripture-atlas.pages.dev/reference/events/herod-temple-expansion/",
  "markdownUrl": "https://wilderness-scripture-atlas.pages.dev/reference/events/herod-temple-expansion/index.md",
  "jsonUrl": "https://wilderness-scripture-atlas.pages.dev/reference/events/herod-temple-expansion/index.json",
  "cautions": "Narrative order is a reading arrangement, not a proven chronology. Dates retain their stated uncertainty. An identified locality does not establish the exact venue or prove an event. Region extents and routes are illustrative, not surveyed boundaries or ancient roads. Draft material has not completed editorial review.",
  "revision": "033a834a16c217c4"
}