{
  "schemaVersion": 1,
  "kind": "event",
  "id": "first-passover-and-temple-cleansing",
  "era": "life-of-jesus",
  "order": 321,
  "title": "First Passover and Temple Cleansing",
  "group": "early-ministry",
  "date": {
    "kind": "relative",
    "label": "Preparation and early ministry",
    "note": "A guided comparison of Gospel accounts, not a measured calendar or a claim that every parallel follows the same sequence."
  },
  "pin": [
    35.23494,
    31.77744
  ],
  "pinConfidence": "Identified site",
  "pinPlace": "jerusalem_636",
  "summary": "At Passover Jesus drives commerce from the temple courts and is challenged about his authority. He speaks of raising the temple in three days; John explains that he means his body and that the disciples understand later.",
  "context": "John places this scene early; the Synoptic accounts place a temple action in the final Jerusalem ministry. The atlas retains both literary settings without claiming that the number or exact chronology of cleansings is settled.",
  "question": "What do the disciples understand only after the resurrection?",
  "locationNote": "John places the Passover visit in Jerusalem’s temple. This city marker does not identify the individual tables or a particular surviving structure.",
  "passages": [
    {
      "reference": "John 2:13–25",
      "range": [
        43002013,
        43002025
      ],
      "translation": "bsb",
      "url": "https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John%202%3A13%E2%80%9325&version=BSB",
      "availability": "bundled",
      "verses": [
        {
          "book": "John",
          "chapter": 2,
          "verse": 13,
          "text": "When the Jewish Passover was near, Jesus went up to Jerusalem."
        },
        {
          "book": "John",
          "chapter": 2,
          "verse": 14,
          "text": "In the temple courts He found men selling cattle, sheep, and doves, and money changers seated at their tables."
        },
        {
          "book": "John",
          "chapter": 2,
          "verse": 15,
          "text": "So He made a whip out of cords and drove all from the temple courts, both sheep and cattle. He poured out the coins of the money changers and overturned their tables."
        },
        {
          "book": "John",
          "chapter": 2,
          "verse": 16,
          "text": "To those selling doves He said, “Get these out of here! How dare you turn My Father’s house into a marketplace!”"
        },
        {
          "book": "John",
          "chapter": 2,
          "verse": 17,
          "text": "His disciples remembered that it is written: “Zeal for Your house will consume Me.”"
        },
        {
          "book": "John",
          "chapter": 2,
          "verse": 18,
          "text": "On account of this, the Jews demanded, “What sign can You show us to prove Your authority to do these things?”"
        },
        {
          "book": "John",
          "chapter": 2,
          "verse": 19,
          "text": "Jesus answered, “Destroy this temple, and in three days I will raise it up again.”"
        },
        {
          "book": "John",
          "chapter": 2,
          "verse": 20,
          "text": "“This temple took forty-six years to build,” the Jews replied, “and You are going to raise it up in three days?”"
        },
        {
          "book": "John",
          "chapter": 2,
          "verse": 21,
          "text": "But Jesus was speaking about the temple of His body."
        },
        {
          "book": "John",
          "chapter": 2,
          "verse": 22,
          "text": "After He was raised from the dead, His disciples remembered that He had said this. Then they believed the Scripture and the word that Jesus had spoken."
        },
        {
          "book": "John",
          "chapter": 2,
          "verse": 23,
          "text": "While He was in Jerusalem at the Passover Feast, many people saw the signs He was doing and believed in His name."
        },
        {
          "book": "John",
          "chapter": 2,
          "verse": 24,
          "text": "But Jesus did not entrust Himself to them, for He knew them all."
        },
        {
          "book": "John",
          "chapter": 2,
          "verse": 25,
          "text": "He did not need any testimony about man, for He knew what was in a man."
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "related": [
    {
      "range": [
        19069009,
        19069009
      ],
      "kind": "teaching",
      "note": "John explicitly recalls the psalm’s zeal for God’s house.",
      "reference": "Psalm 69:9",
      "translation": "bsb",
      "url": "https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Psalm%2069%3A9&version=BSB"
    }
  ],
  "places": [
    {
      "id": "jerusalem_636",
      "name": "Jerusalem",
      "coordinate": [
        35.23494,
        31.77744
      ],
      "kind": "City",
      "confidence": "Identified site",
      "confidenceSource": "rule",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Digital Atlas of the Roman Empire",
          "url": "http://dare.ht.lu.se/places/15896"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "mapPeriod": "gospel-land",
  "further": [
    {
      "label": "Digital Atlas of the Roman Empire",
      "url": "http://dare.ht.lu.se/places/15896"
    }
  ],
  "provenance": {
    "sources": [
      {
        "name": "theographic",
        "ref": "273"
      },
      {
        "name": "editorial"
      }
    ],
    "review": "draft"
  },
  "eraName": "Life of Jesus",
  "interactiveUrl": "https://wilderness-scripture-atlas.pages.dev/?event=first-passover-and-temple-cleansing",
  "attribution": [
    "Events and places adapted from Theographic Bible Metadata (github.com/robertrouse/theographic-bible-metadata), CC BY-SA 4.0. This adapted data is shared under CC BY-SA 4.0.",
    "Place coordinates from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding Data, CC BY 4.0.",
    "Teaching stops, summaries and regional extents are original editorial content of this atlas.",
    "Berean Standard Bible (BSB), public domain. https://berean.bible/licensing.htm"
  ],
  "translation": "bsb",
  "url": "https://wilderness-scripture-atlas.pages.dev/reference/events/first-passover-and-temple-cleansing/",
  "markdownUrl": "https://wilderness-scripture-atlas.pages.dev/reference/events/first-passover-and-temple-cleansing/index.md",
  "jsonUrl": "https://wilderness-scripture-atlas.pages.dev/reference/events/first-passover-and-temple-cleansing/index.json",
  "cautions": "Narrative order is a reading arrangement, not a proven chronology. Dates retain their stated uncertainty. An identified locality does not establish the exact venue or prove an event. Region extents and routes are illustrative, not surveyed boundaries or ancient roads. Draft material has not completed editorial review.",
  "revision": "2c0f3539829c3fa6"
}